ISSAM LOUCHENE; DALAL NOUREDDINE; ABDESSELAM HELLAL; ABDELGHANI BENALI. Economic Dynamics of Oil Price Volatility and Energy Supply Disruptions Under Geopolitical Shockwaves: Evidence from Major Conflicts (1914–2022). Journal of the West, [S. l.], v. 65, n. 2, p. 2116–2137, 2026. Disponível em: https://journalofthewest.com/jw/article/view/177. Acesso em: 10 oct. 2026.